Engineering Against the Surge RoadyGoat

You're in one of the most exposed places on the U.S. coast, and it's all about water. West Orange sits about ten feet above sea level on the Sabine, and the Sabine is not just a river anymore - it's part of the Sabine-Neches Waterway, a dredged ship channel kept at least forty feet deep and four hundred feet wide, the third-busiest waterway in the country by tonnage, run by a navigation district that's been at it since 1909. That's what makes the hydrology here so brutal. When a hurricane like Ike pushes Gulf water inland, a deep, straight, hard-walled channel doesn't slow the surge down; it delivers it, and the water spreads out across land that has almost no elevation to give. Texas has been arguing about the fix for years. The best-known plan, the coastal spine people call the Ike Dike, is really a Galveston Bay project - it extends the seawall and drops its big gate at the Bolivar Roads inlet, a hundred miles down the coast. Orange County is inside the six-county coastal district that plan belongs to, but the gate isn't at our door. Out here the protection question is still open, and the physics of a surge coming up a shipping channel hasn't changed.

RoadyGoat →

The Town Between the Works RoadyGoat

1902

West Orange began on paper in 1902, when a town plat for the West Orange addition to the city of Orange was filed in southeastern Orange County. It was never a company town or a fresh frontier settlement. Instead, a residential community filled in the ground between three industrial anchors: the works at Orange itself, the oil and brick operations planned to the south at Port Vernon around 1903, and Doc Brown Station to the north, where the Texas and New Orleans and the Orange and Northwestern railroads crossed. That junction held a rice warehouse, the Peden Iron and Steel Company, and the county's livestock dipping vat. People who worked those jobs needed somewhere to live, and West Orange grew into that gap. It stayed unincorporated for half a century, finally voting to become a city in 1954 by a lopsided margin of 381 to 90.

How a Grove Named the Town RoadyGoat

1830

West Orange carries a borrowed name, and the original is stranger than most people expect. The parent city of Orange sits on the lower Sabine River, and its earliest settlement was called Green's Bluff, after Resin Green, a river boatman who arrived before 1830. The place was renamed Madison in 1840 for President James Madison. When Orange County was organized in 1852, this became the county seat, but Madison was too easily confused with Madisonville elsewhere in Texas. So in 1858, the incorporating town took the name Orange, drawn from the orange groves that grew near the river and caught the eye of boatmen navigating the Sabine. When the West Orange addition was platted in 1902 on the western edge of that city, it simply inherited the citrus name. There were no groves here, only the name that outlived them.

West End Park

1921

West End Park, a baseball field with wooden grandstands, was an institution in Orange for nearly 80 years. The park was originally constructed to draw a professional baseball team to the city for spring training. Orange was the center of Orange County in the 1920s and underwent a shipbuilding boom during World War I, as the lumber mills were beginning to run out of native county timber. H.I. Lutcher Stark, a graduate of the University of Texas, formed the Orange Athletic Association to attract a professional baseball team. The St. Louis Cardinals took the field for their first practice on February 28, 1921. The practice was supposed to be private, but fans, young and old, came to catch a glimpse of some of the biggest names in baseball and hall of fame legends, such as Branch Rickey, Rogers Hornsby, Connie Mack and George “Specs” Toporcer. The first Commissioner of Baseball, Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis, who is also in the Hall of Fame, visited the city and watched a game from the grandstands. Orange’s local businesses benefitted from the national attention brought on by the spring training camp and the Cardinals agreed to return for spring training in 1922. Though the cardinals did not return to Orange the following year, West End Park continued to be used for many years by local high schools, youth and adult baseball teams. The West Orange-cove Consolidated Independent School District, which owns the property, removed the last remaining dugouts and flattened the field in 2009. Even though it is no longer in use, the memories of thousands of orange locals that played on the same field as baseball legends remain.

Historical Marker →

George Alexander Pattillo

1812

A veteran of the War of 1812, Georgia native George Alexander Pattillo (1796-1871) migrated to this area in the early 1830s. He served on the local Committee of Correspondence created by the Convention of 1832 and on the General Council of the provisional government established by the Consultation of 1835. During the Texas Revolution of 1836, Pattillo, who had earlier received a Mexican land grant, joined with other area settlers to aid the Texas Army. Arriving at San Jacinto the day after the decisive battle, he was commissioned by Texas President David G. Burnet to direct the formation of Jefferson County, which included this area. He also became an associate justice for the new county and was a postmaster for the settlement of Pattillo's station, later the Terry community of central Orange County. In the early 1840s Pattillo served this area as a Representative and a Senator in the Republic of Texas Congress, where he actively supported annexation to the United States. In 1852 he was elected the first judge of the newly-formed Orange County. An active Masonic leader in southeast Texas, Pattillo died in 1871 and was buried in a family plot at Bunn's Bluff on the Neches River, where he had lived since 1844.

Historical Marker →

Niblett's Bluff

1862

On high point SE, across the Sabine in Louisiana. Busiest east Texas port of entry in the Civil War. Target for enemy movements west across Louisiana repeatedly in 1862-64. Confederate defense post. Supply depot to support constant troop movements, both for fighting and for patrols and recruiting. Crossroads for land and river traffic. Ferry point on old road through swamps. Cotton concentration point. A boom town with gambling, saloons, night life. 
 Patrolled on both sides of the Sabine by Texans, to protect troop movements, commercial shipping, stagecoach travel routes, freighters’ trains, and herds of cattle and hogs going east on the hoof. 
 Passed Texas troops through by thousands, to go eastward through marshlands and sloughs toward Brashear City and New Orleans or upper Mississippi River crossings, to eastern battlefields. Many units went by rail from Houston to Beaumont, then to Sabine Pass and up the river by steamer. 
 Niblett’s Bluff welcomed steamers unloading guns, ammunition, clothing, medicines and other goods vital to the Confederacy— swapping these for Texas and Louisiana cotton, called “Money of the Confederacy” because of its purchasing value in world trade. (1964) 1983 supplemental plate (reported missing Dec. 1999): Marker moved from SH 87 and West Bluff Rd. to actual point of boat departure from Texas train and road termination to Niblett's Bluff.


Historical Marker →

Brown, Clarence [Gatemouth]

1924

A multi-faceted musician whose eclectic tastes reflected the great diversity of musical styles found throughout the Southwest, Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown was born in Vinton, Louisiana, on April 18, 1924. Brown's father, who was one of his strongest musical influences and taught young Clarence to play piano, fiddle, and guitar, was a railroad worker and a local musician who played country , Cajun, and bluegrass . Throughout his career, Gatemouth Brown performed a variety of musical styles on a broad array of instruments, including guitar, fiddle, piano, drums, mandolin, harmonica, and viola. As a youth who grew up in Southeast Texas near Orange, Brown absorbed the country , bluegrass, R&B, Czech and German polka, Cajun, and early jazz and swing that could be heard throughout the Texas-Louisiana border region. By the time he was five years old, he had learned to play fiddle, and by age ten he was performing on guitar. By the time he was a teenager, Brown played the drums in territory swing bands where he was given the nickname "Gatemouth" because of his deep voice. After returning from military service following World War II , Brown first relocated to San Antonio and then eventually to Houston where he found work at the Bronze Peacock nightclub. During a T-Bone Walker concert there in 1947, Walker became ill and could not finish his show. Brown went onstage, picked up his guitar, and proceeded to play "Gatemouth Boogie," to which the audience responded very enthusiastically. The club owner, Don Robey , also was impressed and arranged for Brown to sign a recording contract with the Los Angeles record label Aladdin. Brown's first singles for Aladdin were not as successful as he had hoped, so Robey decided to start his own label, Peacock Records , in order to market Brown's music. Brown's first single with Peacock, "Mary is Fine," hit Number 8 on the R&B charts in 1949. Soon afterwards, Robey picked Brown to be the front man for a twenty-three-piece orchestra that toured throughout the South. During his time with Peacock, Brown recorded a number of hits, including "Okie Dokie Stomp," "Ain't That Dandy," "Boogie Rambler," "Depression Blues," and "Dirty Work at the Crossroads." By the late 1950s Brown had become frustrated with the limitations of being strictly a blues and R&B musician and decided to finally part ways with Robey and Peacock Records by 1961. However, throughout the 1960s Brown had difficulty finding other work as a musician, something he blamed in part on his strained relations with the influential Robey. During this period, Brown held a variety of jobs. He worked as bandleader on the Dallas syndicated R&B television show The !!!! Beat in 1966. In the late 1960s he was a deputy sheriff in New Mexico. At one point he moved to Nashville where he appeared a few times on the popular country music television show Hee Haw. It was also in Nashville that Brown released his first series of country singles. He later recorded a well-received album, Makin' Music, with Roy Clark in 1979. In the 1970s Brown was able to restart his career, this time performing the broad range of styles for which he would become famous, including country, jazz, and Cajun, as well as the blues and R&B he had played earlier. Brown also began touring again, not only throughout the United States, but also in Europe and around the world. On several stints he toured as a music ambassador for the United States State Department. During the late 1970s Brown signed with Real Records, and by the 1980s he was enjoying success recording for both Alligator and Rounder Records. In 1982 Brown's Alright Again received a Grammy for Best Traditional Blues Album. He also appeared several times on the PBS television series Austin City Limits . Brown's second release through Rounder Records, One More Mile (1982), along with the rerelease of his earlier Peacock recordings, brought him more acclaim. Brown won eight W. C. Handy Awards. He received the Rhythm and Blues Founda

Tsha Handbook → · 3.1 mi away

Lutcher, Frances Ann Robinson

1912

Frances Ann Robinson Lutcher, philanthropist and humanitarian, daughter of David Robinson, was born on October 17, 1841, in Pennsylvania. She married Henry Jacob Lutcher on January 23, 1858. They had two children, Miriam Melissa ( see STARK, MIRIAM M. L. ), who married William H. Stark , and Carrie Launa, who married Dr. Edgar W. Brown, Sr. The Lutchers moved to Orange, Texas, in 1878. Frances Lutcher was one of Orange's greatest benefactors. She built the First Presbyterian Church in honor of the Lutcher family and dedicated it to Orange on January 28, 1912. This marble structure was reputedly the first structure west of the Mississippi River to have air-conditioning . A Texas Historical Commission marker was placed there in 1978. In 1921 she dedicated the Frances Ann Lutcher Hospital, the first modern hospital in Orange. It had the most up-to-date equipment of the time and also maintained a nurses' training program and a home for student nurses. The hospital was particularly needed for the many workmen injured at the surrounding sawmills and in other lumber-industry accidents. These men had previously been transported long distances by train for treatment. Frences Lutcher became known for having the finest orchid collection in the South. During World War I soldiers in the area called her the "Orchid Lady" because of the orchids that she gave away. She was an ardent traveler and journeyed through the United States and the world up into her eighties. She made her home, however, in Orange from 1877 until her death. She died on October 21, 1924, while on vacation in New York. She was buried in the family mausoleum in Evergreen Cemetery in Orange. Her grandson, Henry Jacob Lutcher Stark , joined the family lumber business and continued his grandmother's philanthropic tradition.

Tsha Handbook → · 3.1 mi away

Wingate, David Robert

1852

David Robert Wingate, early Texas planter and industrialist, son of Robert Potter and Pherobee (Kelly) Wingate, was born in Darlington County, South Carolina, on February 20, 1819. At an early age he moved with his family to Hancock County, Mississippi, where he secured only a rudimentary education. He worked in logging camps and sawmills and, on September 19, 1839, married Caroline Morgan. He and his wife had seven children. Although Wingate visited Texas in 1844, his first industrial venture came in Mississippi, where by 1849 he owned a sawmill. In 1852 he and his family moved to Newton County, Texas, where he established a large plantation on Cow Creek near Belgrade. By 1859 seventy-three slaves worked the plantation; the 350 bales of cotton produced there that year made Wingate the largest antebellum cotton planter in Southeast Texas. He had by that time purchased sawmill facilities at Sabine Pass, which he built into the largest steam sawmill in the state. He also constructed a small fleet of lumber schooners that plied the Gulf of Mexico. In 1860 Wingate, living at Sabine in Jefferson County, had an estate of $108,000, the largest in the county. On April 20, 1861, Wingate and a son enlisted in the Sabine Pass Guard. Elected colonel of the Second Regiment, First Brigade, Texas Militia, Wingate remained in Southeast Texas, having been appointed Confederate States marshal by Gen. Paul O. Hebert . Wingate also served as chairman of safety for Sabine Pass and as commissioner of defense for Jefferson County. In 1862 he and his family returned to Newton County to escape the ravages of a yellow fever epidemic. Later that year Union troops burned his Sabine Pass sawmill and home. Wingate was elected chief justice of Newton County in 1864 and appointed to the same position by Provisional Governor A. J. Hamilton the following year. Although hurt financially by the emancipation of over 100 slaves and a series of fires that destroyed his mills, Wingate recovered strongly from each of his economic setbacks, which one scholar has estimated to have totaled over $500,000. Wingate transferred his operations to Orange and helped to change that city into one of the most important sawmill centers in Texas. He also served as Orange county judge from 1879 to 1884 and was one of the earliest large-scale rice planters in the county in 1892. Wingate died at Orange on February 15, 1899, after a long bout with pneumonia. He was buried in that city's Evergreen Cemetery. A Texas historical marker was placed at his gravesite in 1979.

Tsha Handbook → · 3.1 mi away

West Orange, Texas

Music in West Orange

Songs About West Orange

Artists From West Orange

Rivers & Roads in Song near West Orange

History of West Orange

Engineering Against the Surge RoadyGoat

The Town Between the Works RoadyGoat

How a Grove Named the Town RoadyGoat

West End Park

George Alexander Pattillo

Niblett's Bluff

Brown, Clarence [Gatemouth]

Lutcher, Frances Ann Robinson

Wingate, David Robert

Things to Do in West Orange

Everything Near West Orange