651 stories, landmarks & places within ~20 miles — the nearest 200 are listed here — the same local lore RoadyGoat plays as you drive through.
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The Wall That Trapped a City
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: the Berlin Wall was built by East Germany in nineteen sixty one to stop people leaving through West Berlin. It became a system of concrete barriers, patrol roads, towers,…
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The Great Wall Is Many Walls
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: the Great Wall of China is not one unbroken structure built by one emperor. Chinese states and dynasties constructed, joined, abandoned, and rebuilt fortifications across…
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How Sieges Beat Walls
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: ancient city walls forced attackers to solve engineering problems. Ladders tried to go over, mines and tunnels tried to go under, battering rams attacked gates, and…
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Walls That Hold Up and Hold Back
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: a load-bearing wall supports floors, roof, or structure above it, so removing one without replacing its load path can cause collapse. A retaining wall does a different…
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How a Quiet Wall Works
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: soundproofing is rarely about one magic foam panel. Heavy layers resist vibration, airtight construction blocks leaks, resilient connections reduce vibration passing…
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Wall Street Had a Wall
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: Wall Street's name refers to a real defensive boundary built along the northern edge of Dutch New Amsterdam in the seventeenth century. The structure and its setting…
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The Man This Town Is Named For Drew the Streets of Austin
The name on the sign belongs to a man who laid out the street grid of the capital of Texas. Edwin Waller was elected on the first of February, 1836, as a delegate from Brazoria. He went to Washington-on-the-Brazos and…
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Why Humans Build Walls
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: a wall can protect, carry weight, create privacy, mark property, hold back soil, or control movement. Those purposes overlap but are not identical. A defensive wall is a…
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Hadrian's Frontier
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: Hadrian's Wall crossed northern Britain as part of a Roman frontier system, not simply a line separating civilization from emptiness. Built beginning in the second…
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Writing on the Wall
Since you're in Waller, here's the wall tangent: the writing on the wall comes from the biblical Book of Daniel, where mysterious words appear during King Belshazzar's feast and are interpreted as a warning that his…
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Waller, TX
Waller, Texas. It’s a place where the whisper of history mingles with the everyday. When you drive through, you might not realize the echoes that rumble beneath the surface. The land itself remembers the early days of…
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The Pistol That Misfired Three Times
On the back roads of Waller County, the day before Thanksgiving in 1986, two brothers were out riding around. Frank Digges was 30 years old and had been out of prison three years, paroled after serving six of a…
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A Church, a School System and a Store, All in One Year
Nineteen sixty-five did more to Waller in twelve months than most decades manage. Start with the first of March, a Thursday. Waller Baptist Church burned. Not damaged. The building was totally destroyed, and the cause…
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The Whole Surviving Newspaper Is Three Pages, and One Is Missing
Waller had a newspaper. The Waller News started up in 1910, a weekly, published by a man named G. A. Kastner, carrying local news and state news and national news and the advertisement of every merchant in town. Here is…
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Matt Mercado - Waller, Texas
That was Matt Mercado, a Waller, Texas original. He grew up on ranch life, on horseback since he was two years old. He graduated high school at fifteen, and at sixteen he was competing on NBC's big national singing show…
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The Second-Fastest-Growing County in America Is This One
Between July of 2024 and July of 2025, Waller County was the fastest-growing county in Texas and the second-fastest-growing county in the United States. Not the fastest-growing around Houston. In the country, out of…
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Eighty Students in a Town Three Years Old
Waller was platted on the eleventh of January, 1884, and had a post office inside a month. A merchant remembered as Uncle Doc Sanders opened the first general store. The public school opened in 1887. By the end of its…
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God's Mercy Store: You Decided the Profit
· 0.1 mi
Just south of the old Waller depot, on what folks here called the Old Houston Highway, a man named A. D. Purvis ran one of the strangest stores in all of Texas. Around nineteen eighteen he opened what he called God's…
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Waller Began as 500 Cattle and Two Little Houses
· 0.1 mi
When the town of Waller was officially laid out, on January the eleventh, eighteen eighty-four, there was almost nothing here to call a town. A man named K. H. Faulkner filed the plat, but nearly everything on the…
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The Livery Stable That Became Waller's Ford Dealer
· 0.1 mi
Back when the only way into Waller was the train, you could step off at the depot and find yourself stranded, because there was no transportation waiting to carry you anywhere. Two brothers, Ed and Bob Robertson, fixed…
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Penick and Cherry: Where Waller Got Its First Light
· 0.1 mi
Stand at the northwest corner of Penick and Cherry, and you are at the spot where Waller first plugged into the modern world. In nineteen twenty-eight the electricity finally reached town, and the very first house wired…
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The Day Waller's Depot Got Up and Left
· 0.1 mi
The railroad is the whole reason Waller exists, so there is something almost sad about how this part goes. The town grew up around its train depot, the building where farmers shipped out their produce and travelers…
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Waller's First Laws Went After Loose Chickens and Hogs
· 0.1 mi
Waller had been a real town for sixty years before it ever bothered to become a city. It did not incorporate until nineteen forty-seven, when an election made it official and a man named Jim Haney became the first…
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Waller
· 0.1 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller, a town that owes its existence to the railroad. Back around 1857, the Houston and Texas Central Railroad pushed its tracks this way, opening up the area for farmers and ranchers to sell…
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The Store That Belonged to Jesus Christ
· 0.1 mi
The folks who grew up around the God's Mercy Store here in Waller tell more than just the strange way it priced things. The way they tell it, A. D. Purvis was out plowing a field one day when he was called to move to…
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The Counter Where the Whole Town Grew Up
· 0.1 mi
Ask anyone who was a kid in old Waller and they will tell you the God's Mercy Store was the heart of the whole town. It had no air conditioning, just rough wooden counters, wide-plank floors, and a spirit that made…
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First United Methodist Church of Waller
· 0.1 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller, and right here is the story of its first Methodist church. It started way back in 1888, but they didn't even have a building for years! They met in the schoolhouse, and even used the…
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Eric Osterhout - Waller, Texas
· 0.2 mi
That was Eric Osterhout, an Americana and country songwriter based in Waller, Texas. His writing soaks up the Southeast Texas landscape around him -- quiet mornings, long shadows, and that charged stillness before a…
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The College That Opened With Three Students and Died in a Storm
· 0.4 mi
Waller High School stands on the campus of a college that lived just two years. South Texas Baptist College opened in the fall of 1898 on land from local landowner C. C. Waller, with W. E. Clark of Kentucky's Georgetown…
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South Texas Baptist College
· 0.4 mi · Historical Marker
An ambitious institution chartered by Baptists who formed South Texas Educational Conference about 1895 and in 1898 secured campus site from a local landowner, C.C. Waller. Trustees serving when college opened in fall…
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Waller, Edwin, Jr.
· 1.1 mi
You're in Waller, Texas, right where Edwin Waller Jr. made his mark. Born in 1825, Waller was farming and running a business when the Civil War called. He answered, becoming captain of a defense company, then a major in…
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Waller, TX
· 1.1 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller, Texas, a town born in the late 19th century. It was officially laid out in 1884, named for Edwin Waller, and quickly got a post office and a general store. By 1898, it was home to the…
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Harris County, TX
· 1.4 mi
Harris County is a melting pot of diverse cultures and ethnic heritages. As of 2023, it had the second largest population of Black Americans in the United States, behind only Cook County, Illinois, and the second…
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Waller Bulldogs — a 6A football town and quiet NFL pipeline
· 1.7 mi
Waller High School (Waller, TX — northwest of Houston) has become a quiet pipeline to the NFL on defense, sending linebackers Joplo Bartu and Jason Phillips to the pros, with defensive lineman Gabe Hall following. The…
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Kickapoo Creek
· 1.9 mi
Kickapoo Creek is a short one — only about three and a half miles tucked into the extreme northwest corner of Harris County before it slips into Spring Creek. The Handbook doesn't spell out the name's origin, but it…
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St. Mary's Catholic Church and Cemetery
· 2.0 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller County, passing the site of St. Mary's Catholic Church and Cemetery. It all started in 1891 when Czech immigrants began buying land here. Just a year later, four families founded this…
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The Commissioner Who Lived a Century
· 2.6 mi
The road crossing under US 290 here carries a name most drivers never slow down to read: James Muse Parkway. Waller County's own records give it in full, Commissioner James R. Muse Parkway. Muse served twelve years as…
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Hockley's Railroad Tradition Survives in Miniature
· 2.8 mi
Hockley grew up around the railroad, and that tradition now lives on in miniature. At Zube Park, a club called the Houston Area Live Steamers operates rideable miniature steam, diesel, and electric locomotives that you…
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The Legacy Next Door: Prairie View A&M
· 2.9 mi
While you're in Waller, you're right next door to a place of immense historical importance: Prairie View A&M University. Though it's in the city of Prairie View, its story is deeply woven into the fabric of this entire…
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The Engineering Marvel of the Daikin Megaplex
· 2.9 mi
As you pass Waller on Highway 290, you can’t miss the enormous white building that dominates the horizon. That’s the Daikin Texas Technology Park, a marvel of modern engineering and logistics. At 4.2 million square…
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Headlights Dimmed and Movie Screens Lit the Hockley Night
· 2.9 mi
For nineteen years, headlights dimmed and movie screens lit the night beside the Hockley prairie. The Showboat Drive-In let visitors watch double features from their cars under the open Texas sky, and it grew into one…
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Bland, Sandra Annette [Sandy]
· 3.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
Sandra Annette "Sandy" Bland, an African American social activist whose death in police custody sparked national momentum for the Black Lives Matter movement, was born on February 7, 1987, in Naperville, Illinois.…
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Prairie View, TX (Waller County)
· 3.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
Prairie View is on U.S. Highway 290 and the Texas and New Orleans Railroad, between Hempstead and Waller in north central Waller County. It traces its roots to Alta Vista, the plantation home of Jared E. and Helen Marr…
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The College They Built on the Plantation
· 3.5 mi
You're driving through Prairie View, and the ground under it was Alta Vista plantation. Jared and Helen Marr Kirby ran four plantations out here near Best and Iron creeks, and Alta Vista at one point counted four…
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Banks, Willette Rutherford
· 3.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
Willette Rutherford (Scrap) Banks, teacher and university administrator, was born on August 8, 1881, in Hartwell, Georgia, the second of thirteen children of J. M. and Laura Banks. J. M. Banks was a Georgia populist and…
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Prairie View A&M University College of Nursing
· 3.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Prairie View, home to a pioneering nursing program that started right here in 1918. With just five students, it began as a two-year diploma program. Over the years, it grew, adding clinical…
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Kirby, Jared E.
· 3.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through what is now Waller County, near Prairie View, where Jared E. Kirby built one of the largest plantations in Texas. Arriving from Mississippi in 1849, Kirby rapidly accumulated wealth. By 1860, he…
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Air Conditioning Was Invented to Save Ink, Not People
· 3.8 mi
The Daikin plant near Waller builds some of the most advanced cooling machines on Earth, yet the whole idea traces back to a problem that had nothing to do with human comfort: smeared ink. In 1902 a young engineer named…
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The Plant That Makes Texas Livable
· 3.9 mi
Out here near Waller sits one of the largest factories in all of North America, and what it builds is the one thing that made modern Texas possible: air conditioning. This is the Daikin Texas Technology Park, a plant…
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Your Air Conditioner Does Not Make Cold
· 3.9 mi
That Daikin plant near Waller, four million square feet of it, builds air conditioners under the Goodman, Amana, and Daikin names, and here is the secret hiding inside every one: it cannot make cold. Cold is not a…
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The Machine That Heats Your House With Cold Air
· 3.9 mi
Many of the units that Daikin plant near Waller builds are not just air conditioners, they are heat pumps, and a heat pump answers one obvious question: if an air conditioner just moves heat outside, what if you ran it…
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The Fussy Chemistry of the Stuff Inside Your AC
· 3.9 mi
The Daikin plant near Waller can claim a genuine world first: Daikin was the first company anywhere to build air conditioners around a refrigerant called R-32. To see why that matters, know that the whole magic of an…
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Jacob E. Freeman
· 4.2 mi · Historical Marker
In response to the political, social and economic turmoil in Texas and the South after the Civil War, the federal government enacted the Reconstruction Act on March 2, 1867. Many local and state officials were removed…
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Jacob Freeman, From Bondage To The Texas Capitol
· 4.2 mi
Here in Waller County, near Prairie View, lived a man who started life owned by another and ended up writing laws in the Texas House. Jacob E. Freeman was born enslaved in Alabama around eighteen forty-one. He came to…
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The Campus Market Where Students Make the Sausage
· 4.2 mi
The most Prairie View thing you can possibly eat does not come from an old diner. It comes from the university itself. At the Meat Science Center for Innovation, agriculture students and faculty raise the animals, then…
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The Pale Patches of Prairie Where Only Salt Plants Grow
· 4.2 mi
There is a buried mountain of salt under Hockley, and you can read its signature right in the plants on the surface. Scattered across the prairie near a salt dome you can find saline barrens, pale, thinly-vegetated…
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The Soil That Gave Prairie View Its Name
· 4.2 mi
Prairie View was named for its view of the open prairie, and that landscape is not an accident. It is geology. The town sits on gently sloping uplands at the edge of the greater Houston region, on soils so distinctive…
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Prairie View A&M University
· 4.3 mi · Historical Marker
Authorized by the Texas legislature in 1876, the "Agricultural and Mechanical College for Colored Youth" was Texas' second state-supported institution of higher learning. As a land grant college, it occupied a 1434-acre…
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Bistro 1876, Named for the Year It All Began
· 4.3 mi
If you want to sit down for a proper meal in Prairie View, the clearest choice is right on campus. Bistro 1876 takes its name from the year the university was founded, eighteen seventy-six, so even ordering lunch comes…
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From Plantation to University
· 4.4 mi
The ground beneath Prairie View tells a profound American story. Before there was a university here, this land was the Alta Vista Plantation, a 1,400-acre cotton and corn farm worked by enslaved people. After the Civil…
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The Formerly Enslaved Man Who Founded a College
· 4.4 mi
Prairie View A&M University exists because of the vision and political skill of one remarkable man: William H. Holland. Born a slave in Marshall in 1841, Holland seized the opportunity for education after Emancipation,…
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Bernardo Plantation
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
Bernardo Plantation, one of the plantation homes of Jared E. Groce , was located on a high bluff on the Brazos River four miles south of the site of present Hempstead in Waller County. In 1822 Groce, the first large…
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Prairie View, TX
· 4.4 mi
Prairie View is, at its heart, a university town. But more than that, it’s a place where education itself is almost a crop, carefully cultivated and deeply rooted in the land. You see, Prairie View A&M wasn't just…
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The Story of Sandra Bland Parkway
· 4.4 mi
As you travel through Prairie View, you may find yourself on a road called Sandra Bland Parkway. That name is a piece of very recent, and very painful, history. In July 2015, a 28-year-old Black woman named Sandra…
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The World's Goat Experts
· 4.4 mi
You might not expect it, but Prairie View is a global hub for a very specific science: goat research. As part of its land-grant mission, Prairie View A&M University operates the International Goat Research Center. Why…
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Incorporated in 1969, Founded a Century Before That
· 4.4 mi
Prairie View, in Waller County, incorporated in 1969 with the motto 'Productive, United, Indomitable' and a strong-mayor council. But the city is a lot younger than the place. Prairie View grew up around Prairie View…
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The First in Texas, and the Ground They Put It On
· 4.4 mi
Prairie View is home to Prairie View A&M University, the second-oldest public university in Texas and, in 1876, the first public institution of higher learning in the state to educate African Americans. Where the…
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Prairie View A&M University
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller County, and right here is the site of Prairie View A&M University. Back in 1876, Texas was mandated by the federal government to create an agricultural college for Black youth. A commission…
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Slovanville: The Czech Lodge Hall the Map Calls Sloganville
· 4.4 mi
South of Waller lay Slovanville, a farm community named for the European immigrants from Slavic countries, mostly Czechs, who settled this prairie; it was also known as Kulhanek, and the county's own map of forgotten…
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Austin, James Elijah Brown
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Texas, a land shaped by pioneers. Right here, you're passing through land once owned by James Elijah Brown Austin. He was one of the original Old Three Hundred colonists, brother to Stephen F.…
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Baker, Joseph
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through what is now Waller County, and right here, in 1835, a journalist named Joseph Baker, known as Don José, co-founded the Telegraph and Texas Register. <break time="400ms"/> This paper became the…
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Liendo Plantation
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller County, and right here is the site of Liendo Plantation. Built by slave labor and completed in 1853, this grand home was a marvel of its time. Imagine bricks fired from local clay, a…
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Holland, William H.
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
William H. Holland, soldier, legislator, and teacher, was born a slave in Marshall in 1841. He and his brothers James and Milton were probably the sons of Capt. Bird Holland , a White man who bought their freedom in the…
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Gladish, TX
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
Gladish was once a thriving community on what is now Farm Road 1736 eight miles northeast of Hempstead in northern Waller County. It was named for Capt. Richard Allen Gladish, a Confederate soldier who settled in the…
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Williams, John
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through what is now Waller County, but back in 1824, this was the wild frontier of Mexican Texas. Right here, one of Stephen F. Austin's original colonists, a man also named John Williams, received title…
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Fields Store, TX
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
Fields (Field's) Store is at the junction of Farm roads 1488 and 362, ten miles northeast of Hempstead in northeast Waller County. It existed as early as 1872 and received its name from Andrew Field and his son Druey…
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Hegar, TX
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
Hegar, also known as Springer, is six miles northeast of Waller in eastern Waller County 1½ miles west of the Montgomery and Harris county lines. Hegar existed by at least 1887, when Oscar George Hegar settled on land…
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Sunny Side, TX (Waller County)
· 4.4 mi · Tsha Handbook
Sunny Side (Sunnyside) is near Irons Creek and two miles south of Farm Road 529 some twenty miles southeast of Hempstead and ten miles northwest of Brookshire in Waller County. It was settled in 1866, and a post office…
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Alta Vista: The Plantation That Became Prairie View A&M
· 4.5 mi
Prairie View A&M University stands on the grounds of Alta Vista, the plantation home of Jared and Helen Marr Kirby that crowned a hill over the open prairie. After the Civil War, Helen Kirby turned the mansion into a…
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The Man Born Enslaved Who Founded Prairie View
· 4.5 mi
Prairie View exists because a man who was born into slavery decided Texas needed to educate its Black citizens. William H. Holland was born enslaved in eighteen forty-one, served in the United States Army during the…
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When Prairie View Took Its Vote to the Supreme Court
· 4.5 mi
When the voting age dropped to eighteen, thousands of Prairie View A and M students suddenly could vote, and Waller County made it hard for them to do it. The county registrar singled out Prairie View students, handing…
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Prairie View Ran Sports for 500 Black Schools
· 4.5 mi
For half a century, the center of Black high-school life in Texas was not a state agency in Austin. It was Prairie View. Because the main interscholastic organization barred Black schools, leaders here helped build…
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Eighty Straight Losses, and the Night They Finally Won
· 4.5 mi
Prairie View A and M once fielded one of the proudest programs in Black college football. Then it lived through one of the longest losing streaks in the history of the sport. After integration, the school lost the…
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The Mother of Black Trails
· 4.5 mi
Every winter, a long line of riders and covered wagons rolls roughly eighty miles from the Prairie View and Hempstead area toward Houston, headed for the rodeo. It is a tradition that almost did not get to exist. The…
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The Prairie View Co-eds - Prairie View A&M
· 4.5 mi
During World War II, Prairie View A&M was home to one of the most popular all-female big bands in America: the Prairie View Co-eds. With more and more men drafted into the armed forces, band director Will Henry Bennett…
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The Ivy League President Who Came Home to Prairie View
· 4.5 mi
In two thousand seventeen, one of the most celebrated leaders in American higher education chose to run a historically Black university in rural Texas. Ruth J. Simmons had already made history as president of Brown…
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Hockley Is Named for the Man Who Ran the Cannons at San Jacinto
· 4.6 mi
Hockley is named for the officer responsible for the cannons that helped win Texas its independence. George Washington Hockley was a Philadelphia-born friend and loyal supporter of Sam Houston. He joined the Texas army…
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A Four-Time Indy 500 Winner Raised Racehorses Here
· 4.6 mi
Hockley also has an auto-racing legend in its pasture land. A.J. Foyt, one of the greatest American race drivers ever, built a ranch of roughly a thousand acres here, where his family raised and trained thoroughbred…
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The Town Was Briefly Called Houseville, and Almost Got Its Own County
· 4.6 mi
Rail service reached this spot in May 1857 on the Houston and Texas Central Railway, and that is when the place became a real town. When the post office opened the following year, it was first named Houseville.…
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The Eight-Time World Champion Who Trained on a Hockley Ranch
· 4.7 mi
Hockley has a real claim on rodeo history. Eight-time world champion Fred Whitfield lived and trained on a ranch here during much of his career. He won seven tie-down roping world titles, the event where a rider chases…
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The Hidden Cemetery and the Woman Who Remembered
· 4.8 mi
Tucked behind the university lies a small, easy-to-miss burial ground called the Wyatt Chapel Community Cemetery, and it may be the most haunting place in Prairie View. Researchers believe it holds the graves of people…
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Wyatt Chapel Community Cemetery
· 4.8 mi · Historical Marker
This cemetery is located on land that was originally part of Jared E. Kirby's Alta Vista Plantation. According to oral tradition, the Kirby family set aside this land as a burial site for their slaves, as well as slaves…
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A World Center for the Science of Goats
· 4.9 mi
Here is a sentence you do not expect: Prairie View A and M is one of the most important places in the world for the science of goats. The university runs the International Goat Research Center, and the work there is far…
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Little Cypress Creek
· 4.9 mi
Little Cypress Creek does exactly what its name says — it's the smaller sibling running parallel to Cypress Creek, about fourteen and a half miles from Hockley down to where it empties into the bigger creek. Most days…
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Pine Island Baptist Church
· 5.0 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the site of Pine Island Baptist Church near Hempstead. This congregation got its start on August 13th, 1888, in the old Hopewell schoolhouse. Thirteen original members formed the church, taking its…
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The Pizzeria the Eadeh Family Built Out of a House
· 5.2 mi
Hockley does not have a famous century-old cafe, but it does have a great family-built food story in Backdoor Pizzeria. The Eadeh family opened it in 2010, after decades in the pizza business, by converting an ordinary…
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Warren Ranch & the Vanished Wild of the Katy Prairie
· 5.3 mi
You're on the Katy Prairie near Warren Ranch in northwest Harris County, Texas -- once one of the great coastal tallgrass prairies. Pioneer Chester Jordan recalled 'thousands of prairie chickens, quail, and millions of…
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The Hockley Horror
· 5.3 mi
About seven miles northwest of Hockley, out on the dark Waller County prairie, stood the home of George W. Lynch, a native Texan and Master Mason raising eight children alone after his wife, a Miss Hargrave, died just…
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The Salt Mine That Almost Caught Particles From Space
· 5.3 mi
Here is the part nobody expects about the United Salt mine at Hockley: it nearly became a telescope for the universe. Neutrinos are nearly weightless particles that pour through everything, including you and the entire…
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How a Mountain of Salt Climbs Up Through Solid Rock
· 5.3 mi
United Salt Corporation mines a buried mountain of salt right under Hockley, and here is the part that sounds impossible: that salt climbed upward through solid rock to get there. But that is exactly what lies under…
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Why Texas Oil Hides Around Mountains of Salt
· 5.3 mi
The United Salt mine at Hockley works a buried mountain of salt, and that mountain is more than a curiosity, it is one of the reasons Texas struck oil at all. As a salt dome shoulders its way upward, it bends and tilts…
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The Same Rock Softens Your Water and Feeds the Cattle
· 5.3 mi
The rock pulled out of the Hockley mine is the mineral halite, which is just the geologist's name for sodium chloride, plain old table salt, with the tidy chemical formula NaCl. Look at a grain under a lens and you will…
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Kickapoo Creek: The Village the Names Remember
· 5.4 mi
Where Kickapoo Creek meets Spring Creek, Waller County Historical Commission records place a village of the Kickapoo, a Great Lakes people whose bands migrated into Texas starting around 1819. By the commission's…
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Shiloh Baptist Church
· 5.5 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller County, and just off the road here is the site of Shiloh Baptist Church. It all started on September 21st, 1871, when thirteen members, carrying letters of transfer, gathered at a nearby…
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Shiloh Cemetery
· 5.6 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past Shiloh Cemetery, a place with roots stretching back to 1881. That's when Thomas Armer donated land for a Baptist church and, just two years later, sold an acre for this very cemetery. The community…
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Highland Home School
· 5.7 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the site of Highland Home School, a small white frame building that opened its doors in the 1890s. Originally called Boyd School, it served families in this rural area for decades. Imagine just one…
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Pine Island: The Forgotten Place That Came Back
· 5.8 mi
You're in Pine Island, a community with a rare trick: it vanished and then came back. The old rural settlement coalesced by the 1880s around Pine Island Baptist Church, midway between Hempstead and Waller, with a school…
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Kickapoo Creek
· 5.9 mi
Kickapoo Creek is a short one — only about three and a half miles tucked into the extreme northwest corner of Harris County before it slips into Spring Creek. The Handbook doesn't spell out the name's origin, but it…
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Frey Cemetery
· 5.9 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the Frey Cemetery, a family burial ground that started with a tragedy. John Frey, who came from Switzerland in 1877, and his wife Mary, had fifteen children. In 1902, their infant daughter Annie…
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Joseph: The Town That Baptized Converts in a Boiler Tank
· 6.0 mi
This was Joseph, a community that never could settle on one name. Established around 1900 and named for early citizen Joseph Hard, it was also called Bradville for William Bradbury, who opened the post office in 1905…
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The House That Grew With The Family
· 6.1 mi
Out here near Monaville, in the quiet farm country of Waller County, stands a house that kept getting bigger. In late eighteen eighty-nine, a Swiss immigrant named John Frey settled this land with his German-born wife,…
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Frey-Benignus House
· 6.1 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the Frey-Benignus House, a testament to immigrant grit and family growth. Swiss immigrant John Frey and his German-born wife Mary settled here in late 1889. They started with a simple two-room house…
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Groce Family Plantations
· 6.2 mi · Historical Marker
Look off to your right as you drive past Hempstead, and you're seeing the legacy of the Groce family, pioneers who arrived in Texas in 1822. Jared E. Groce led a massive wagon train, bringing not just people, but…
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Clear Creek Confederate War Camps
· 6.2 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller County, near Hempstead, where the landscape you see was once dotted with Confederate Army camps. No trace remains today, but historical accounts tell us this area was a crucial training…
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A.J. Foyt Road
· 6.5 mi
Out toward Hockley, off FM 2920, there's a country road named A.J. Foyt Road. It's named for the racing legend A.J. Foyt, the four-time winner of the Indianapolis 500, who keeps a sprawling ranch out this way.
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Fields Store, TX
· 6.6 mi · Local history
Nestled in the rolling farmlands of Waller County, Fields Store carries echoes of its German and Czech settlers. The Upper Gulf Coast region's fertile soil drew families seeking new lives in the mid-19th century. While…
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Camp Groce: The Training Camp That Became Texas’s Largest Prison
· 6.7 mi
You're near Liendo Plantation, just east of Hempstead, on the ground that held Camp Groce, the largest Confederate prisoner-of-war camp in Texas. It started in 1862 not as a prison but as a 'camp of instruction,' a…
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The Diary Hidden in His Shoes
· 6.7 mi
Almost everything we know about daily life inside Camp Groce survives because of one stubborn prisoner. John Read, a Harvard graduate and the paymaster of the captured Union gunboat Granite City, kept a near-daily diary…
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Hempstead: A Town Invented by a Railroad Map
· 6.7 mi
Hempstead exists because two men read a railroad survey. On December 29, 1856, Dr. Richard Rodgers Peebles and James W. McDade organized the Hempstead Town Company to sell lots at the projected railhead of the Houston &…
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Waller County, TX
· 6.7 mi · Local history
Waller County, part of the Western Gulf Coastal Plain, owes its fertile lands to the alluvial deposits left by the Brazos River and its tributaries. This rich soil, combined with a long growing season, has made the area…
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Liendo Plantation
· 6.9 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past Liendo Plantation, a place with a story that spans industry, war, and art. In <say-as interpret-as="date" format="y">1853</say-as>, Leonard W. Groce built this mansion, surrounded by model plantation…
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Liendo
· 6.9 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past Liendo, a plantation home built way back in 1853 by Leonard W. Groce. For years, it was the scene of lavish Southern hospitality. But then, in 1873, it was purchased by Dr. Edmund Duncan Montgomery,…
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In This Vicinity_Plantation of Charles Donoho
· 6.9 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the area where General Sam Houston and the Texas Army made camp in April of <say-as interpret-as="date" format="y">1836</say-as>. This plantation, owned by Charles Donoho, was the last stop for…
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Over the Wall: The Camp Groce Prisoners Who Walked Home
· 7.0 mi
On the moonlit night of August 29, 1864, around forty Union prisoners broke out of Camp Groce in its largest escape, helped by sympathetic guards, some of them German and Irish Confederates, who slung ropes over the…
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Treue der Union: German Texans Guarded by German Texans
· 7.0 mi
Camp Groce held one of the Civil War's most poignant face-offs. In June 1864, about three dozen captured Union prisoners of the 1st Texas Union Cavalry arrived here. They were Texans, many of them German immigrants, who…
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Custer at Liendo: The General in the Plantation House
· 7.0 mi
After the war ended, the most famous cavalryman in America came to live on the very same plantation that had held Camp Groce. In late 1865 General George Armstrong Custer led a division into Texas to keep order, and he…
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Custer, Gen. George and Libbie, Campsite
· 7.0 mi · Historical Marker
Soon after the Civil War General George Armstrong Custer and his cavalry unit arrived in Texas as part of a large U.S. force sent to establish order and counter the threat posed by French-controlled Mexico. From August…
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Heinrich Leverkuhn: The Teenager Who Became a One-Man Village
· 7.0 mi
You're in the Hegar and Macedonia communities of northeast Waller County, home ground of Heinrich Konrad Karl Leverkuhn (1842-1915). German-born, he came to Texas in 1857 at age fifteen -- the Leverkuhns sailed from…
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Leverkuhn
· 7.0 mi · Historical Marker
Look to your right, you're passing through the Macedonia Community, once known as Foresouth Prairie. This land was settled by Heinrich Leverkuhn, a German immigrant who arrived in Texas in 1857. During the Civil War, he…
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The Devil’s Summer: Yellow Fever and the Run for the Brazos
· 7.1 mi
By the late summer of 1864 Camp Groce had become a death trap. Some seven hundred prisoners were packed into a stockade of barely two and a half acres, the well had caved in, and the latrines were fouling the creek that…
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Hockley, TX
· 7.1 mi
Hockley's geography is marked by the presence of a salt dome discovered near the community in 1906. This geological feature was mined for salt, highlighting the area's natural resources and their impact on the local…
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Harris County, TX
· 7.1 mi · Local history
Harris County lies on the Western Gulf Coastal Plain, a landscape gently sloping toward the sea. The average elevation barely tops a hundred feet, a subtle roll of land defined by slow-moving rivers and bayous carving…
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Camp Groce: The Prison Camp That Kept Making Everyone Sick
· 7.2 mi
You're near the site of Camp Groce, a Civil War camp on Leonard Groce's Liendo Plantation land east of Hempstead. Built in spring 1862 as a Confederate training camp, it was abandoned because its stagnant Clear Creek…
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Samuel McCarley Homesite — Texas Army Camp
· 7.2 mi · Historical Marker
On April 15, 1836, eleven hundred hungry Texas soldiers marched out of the woods and camped right here on Spring Creek, at the homestead of Samuel McCarley. They'd been retreating east for weeks, and half of them…
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McCarley, Samuel
· 7.2 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the site of a temporary Texas Army camp, established on April 15th, 1836. General Sam Houston and his 1100 hungry soldiers stopped here overnight. They consumed a significant portion of the McCarley…
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Macedonia Methodist Church
· 7.2 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the site of Macedonia Methodist Church, founded way back in 1892. It started with circuit rider W. C. Bracewell holding services in the local schoolhouse. The community pitched in to build their…
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Springer-Macedonia Cemetery
· 7.4 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the Springer-Macedonia Cemetery, a resting place that tells a story of community growth. The Springer family kicked things off, donating land and giving their name to the area and a local school.…
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Field's Store Community
· 7.5 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller County, and just ahead is the site of Field's Store. Settlers were here before the Civil War, but in the early 1870s, Druey Holland Field and his wife Caroline opened a general store. This…
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Fields Store Cemetery
· 7.6 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving near Hempstead, in Waller County. This is Fields Store Cemetery, established during the Reconstruction period. It's the burial place for early settlers and their descendants, including veterans of five…
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Cypress Creek
· 7.7 mi
Cypress Creek is the big one up north — about 49 miles of water curving northeast from Waller County across the top of Harris County to join Spring Creek near Humble. It was almost certainly named for the bald cypress…
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The Hockley Salt Dome: A Salt Mountain Found by the Prophet of Spindletop
· 8.2 mi
You're at the Hockley Salt Dome in northwest Harris County, Texas -- a roughly 1.3-mile-wide column of rock salt that rose from deep underground during the Jurassic period. It was identified in 1906 by Pattillo Higgins,…
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Waller, Edwin
· 8.2 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller County, passing the former plantation home of Edwin Waller. He was a big deal in Texas history! Waller was a member of the Consultation in <say-as interpret-as="date"…
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Bessie's Creek and the Man Whose Name It Wore Down
· 8.2 mi
The water you're near here rises about a mile and a half northeast of Monaville and runs roughly 30 miles southeast to meet the Brazos River south of Fulshear. On old maps you'll see it as Best Creek, Best's Creek, or…
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Waller County, TX
· 8.5 mi · Local history
Waller County, a part of the Upper Gulf Coast region, has seen considerable change in recent years. The relatively flat Western Gulf Coastal Plain, with its mix of farmland and scattered trees, belies the intensity of…
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A Forgotten 1859 Grave Under The H-E-B Campus
· 8.6 mi
You're near land that is becoming one of the biggest things ever built in Waller County. H-E-B closed on nearly five hundred acres in Hempstead, south of U.S. Highway 290 and east of State Highway 6, for a sprawling…
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The Captain Texas Almost Forgot to Count
· 8.6 mi
Under the live oaks of Hempstead Cemetery lies a man who helped win Texas its independence and then nearly got left off the books for it. Alfred Henderson Wyly was born in Virginia back in eighteen oh eight, and he…
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Captain Alfred H. Wyly
· 8.6 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the resting place of Captain Alfred H. Wyly. He was there with Sam Houston at the Battle of San Jacinto, April 21, 1836, commanding a volunteer company. That decisive battle secured Texas…
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The Wild Prairie That Survived Katy
· 8.7 mi
Almost all of the old Katy Prairie was plowed into rice fields or paved into subdivisions, but a big piece of the original wild country still survives just northwest of town. The Katy Prairie Preserve protects more than…
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Waller County, TX
· 8.8 mi
Waller County's history is marked by significant racial controversies, particularly concerning voting rights. In 1971, the county's tax assessor and voter registrar prohibited students from Prairie View A&M University,…
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New Kentucky -- The Gate That Pointed to San Jacinto
· 8.8 mi
Where FM 2920 runs west toward Hockley, there was once a town called New Kentucky. In April of 1836, as Sam Houston's army marched east, soldiers reportedly stopped at settler Abraham Roberts's gate and asked which fork…
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Rolling Hills, TX
· 8.8 mi · Local history
Rolling Hills, nestled in the flat coastal prairie of Waller County, had always been a quiet community. The landscape, a patchwork of grazing land and scattered woodlands, reflected a slower pace of life. But that…
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Irons Creek and a Colonist Who Left Only His Name
· 8.9 mi
This creek rises about three miles northwest of Monaville and threads 18 miles down through Waller County, first south, then curving southeast near Mount Zion before spilling into the Brazos River west of Brookshire.…
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Spring Creek County -- The County That Lasted 13 Months
· 8.9 mi
For about thirteen months, this area had its own county. Spring Creek County was created by the Republic of Texas in January of 1841, with a planned seat called Greenville near Rose Hill. By February of 1842 it had been…
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Six-Shooter Junction
· 9.0 mi
Welcome to 'Six-Shooter Junction,' once one of the most dangerous towns in Texas. The Houston and Texas Central Railway reached here in 1858 and made Hempstead a distribution center, and after the Civil War the place…
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Hempstead's Six Shooter Junction
· 9.0 mi
Today Hempstead is the Waller County seat and proud watermelon country, but for about fifty years this town carried a rougher name: Six-Shooter Junction. It grew up where the railroads crossed, an hour northwest of…
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Hempstead: The Science Behind the Sweetest Cargo
· 9.0 mi
Hempstead was once one of America's watermelon capitals, and for good reason: into the 1940s it was the single largest shipper of watermelons in the whole United States. People still call it the Watermelon Capital of…
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The Watermelon Capital of Texas
· 9.0 mi
You might see a sign welcoming you to the 'Watermelon Capital of Texas,' and it's no empty boast. Hempstead earned that title in the railroad age, when the Houston and Texas Central made this town a shipping point for…
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The Iron Compass: Engineering a Town
· 9.0 mi
The very existence of Hempstead is a story of 19th-century transportation engineering. Before the town, there was only a plan on paper at the Houston and Texas Central Railway. Engineers and surveyors, using little more…
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How to Measure Sweetness With a Beam of Light
· 9.0 mi
Hempstead shipped more watermelons than anywhere else in the United States into the 1940s, so knowing which melons were sweet was the whole game. Here is the trick the industry uses to judge it, and it sounds like…
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The Red Inside a Watermelon Beats a Tomato
· 9.0 mi
People call Hempstead the Watermelon Capital of Texas, so here is what is actually packed inside the fruit that earned it the title. That deep red inside a ripe watermelon is not just color, it is chemistry, and it is…
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The Genetic Trick Behind a Seedless Watermelon
· 9.0 mi
The watermelons that made Hempstead the Watermelon Capital of Texas are far more engineered than the ones early farmers grew, and the seedless melon proves it. A seedless watermelon is not found in nature, it is a…
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The Confederate Camp
· 9.0 mi
During the Civil War, Hempstead became a military hub for the Confederacy. On Colonel Leonard Groce's plantation just east of town, near Liendo, the army set up Camp Groce in 1862 as a training camp. Then in 1863 it was…
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Growing a Fruit That Is Almost All Water
· 9.0 mi
Every July since 1990, Hempstead throws a Watermelon Festival, a nod to the fruit that made the town famous, and growing that fruit is a stranger job than it looks. A watermelon is about ninety-two percent water, which…
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Hempstead, TX
· 9.0 mi
Hempstead might seem like any other small Texas town, content to let the world rush by. But a few years back, the quiet was broken by something that really got folks talking: the proposed high-speed rail line. See, this…
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'Little Old Hempstead' Went Undefeated to Arlington
· 9.1 mi
Hempstead has played football since the late 1950s and has reached exactly one state championship game: 2011. Ricky Sargent's Bobcats opened with a 24-23 escape against Stafford, then went 10-0 in the regular season,…
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Tied at Halftime in Cowboys Stadium
· 9.1 mi
Hempstead and Melissa were tied 7-7 at halftime of the 2011 Class 2A Division I state championship game at Cowboys Stadium, before 8,435 people. Hempstead's only first-half points came from defensive back Tribete Smith,…
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Texas HS Football 2026 Preview: Hempstead (Hempstead)
· 9.1 mi
Hempstead High School (Hempstead, TX) is picked sixth in District eleven in Class 3A Division I for the 2026 season, per the preseason district preview. District 11-3A Division I preseason order of finish: 1. Columbus,…
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First United Methodist Church of Hempstead
· 9.2 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past the site of the First United Methodist Church of Hempstead. Methodism arrived in town around 1857, and the congregation purchased its first building for church use by 1859. The church has moved and…
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Where RoadyGoat First Came Alive
· 9.3 mi
This unassuming patch of green off Schiel Road in Cypress, Texas, is where the RoadyGoat founder ran his very first GPS alert test. He chose this spot not because of any grand historical significance, but because it was…
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The Salt Grass Trail Ride: 103 Miles to the Rodeo
· 9.3 mi
Every February, more than a thousand riders and some two dozen mule-drawn wagons spend a week walking 103 miles from Cat Spring to downtown Houston, camping at fairgrounds and farms in Bellville, Hempstead, Brookshire…
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Bernardo: The Plantation Where the Texas Army Caught Its Breath
· 9.4 mi
Near here stood Bernardo Plantation, established in 1822 by Jared E. Groce, the first large planter in Texas, on a bluff above the east bank of the Brazos about four miles south of present Hempstead. Its famous…
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Trooper Russell Lynn Boyd Memorial Highway
· 9.4 mi · Historical Marker
This stretch of U.S. Highway 290 in Waller County is named for Texas Highway Patrol Trooper Russell Lynn Boyd. On October 11, 1983, Boyd pulled over a driver for a traffic violation on State Highway 6 near Hempstead.…
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Hempstead, C.S.A.
· 9.4 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving past Hempstead, a major Civil War hub for Texas. This town was a powerhouse, with railroad, troop training, and manufacturing supplying the Confederate Army. Camp Groce here even became a prisoner of war…
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Home to sculptress Elisabet Ney
· 9.4 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller County, Texas, organized in 1873 and named for Edwin Waller, a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence and the first mayor of Austin. This land was home to the historic Groce…
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Waller County
· 9.4 mi · Historical Marker
Created from Austin and Grimes counties, April 28, and organized Aug. 16, 1873. Named for Edwin Waller (1800-1861), a signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence, 1836; Postmaster General, Texas Republic; First…
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Diemer Road and the Brazos Bottom Farm Family
· 9.4 mi
Out here near Pattison and Brookshire, Diemer Road carries a name you won't find in any history of speakers or generals, just a hardworking farm family that helped settle the rich Brazos River Bottom. The road is named…
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Buller Road and the Family That Farmed Pattison
· 9.4 mi
Buller Boulevard and the Buller Road that crosses it, both near Pattison, aren't named for a politician or a war hero, but for the Buller family, early pioneer settlers and landowners who farmed and developed the rural…
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Waller County Post Offices
· 9.4 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller County, where for over a century, post offices were the heart of rural life. Often found in homes or general stores, these vital links connected isolated settlements, serving as community…
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Drennan, Lillie Elizabeth McGee
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Hempstead, Texas, where Lillie Drennan made history behind the wheel. Born in Galveston in 1897, Lillie became Texas's first licensed female truck driver and owner. She started Drennan Truck Line…
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Where the Last Confederate Army Came Apart
· 9.5 mi
Hempstead and Camp Groce bookend the Confederacy in Texas: the camp helped raise Confederate regiments in 1862, and in the spring of 1865 the same ground saw the Confederate army of the West come apart. As the war…
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Best Job In Town At Hawkins Service Station
· 9.5 mi
You're near the corner where a Hempstead teenager landed the best job in town. Starting in 1954, one local boy pumped gas for almost seven years at Hawkins Service Station, owned by Luther Hawkins and managed by Henry…
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Groce, Jared Ellison
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through what was once the heart of Stephen F. Austin's colony, near present-day Hempstead. Right here, in 1822, Jared Ellison Groce arrived with fifty wagons and ninety enslaved people, establishing…
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Hannay, Allen Burroughs
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Hempstead, Texas, the birthplace of Allen Burroughs Hannay. Born in 1892, Hannay was a legal prodigy. He became the youngest county judge in the entire nation at just twenty-three years old!…
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Peebles, Richard Rodgers
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through what is now Waller County, near Hempstead. Back in 1863, this area was a hotbed of political tension. Dr. Richard Rodgers Peebles, a wealthy physician and railroad investor, opposed secession. He…
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Pinckney, John M.
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller County, near Hempstead, where a tragic event unfolded in <say-as interpret-as="date" format="y">1905</say-as>. John M. Pinckney, a former Confederate soldier and then a United States…
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Kilpatrick, Madison
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller County, near Hempstead, where a man named Madison Kilpatrick rose from slavery to become a powerful political leader during Reconstruction. Born enslaved in Alabama in 1829, Kilpatrick…
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Pickens, Edwin [Buster]
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Hempstead, Texas, the birthplace of Edwin "Buster" Pickens, a blues pianist whose music echoed the Texas idiom, sometimes called "sawmill" piano. After serving in World War II, Buster returned to…
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Snell, Martin Kingsley
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller County, not far from Hempstead, where Martin Kingsley Snell spent his final years. Snell arrived in Texas in 1835, just in time to fight in the Siege of Bexar. He was there at San Jacinto,…
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Waller County
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller County, a place that played a surprisingly big role in early Texas agriculture. Back in 1821, Jared Groce established Bernardo Plantation, and by 1822, he grew a crop of cotton – possibly…
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Hempstead, TX
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Hempstead, a town born from a railroad dream! Back in 1856, founders Richard Peebles and James McDade organized a town company, aiming to be the terminus for the Houston and Texas Central Railway.…
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Camp Groce
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
Camp Groce, at times referred to as Camp Liendo, was located on Col. Leonard W. Groce 's Liendo Plantation on Clear Creek and the Houston and Texas Central Railway, two miles east of Hempstead in Waller County.…
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Buster Pickens - Hempstead blues pianist
· 9.5 mi
Edwin 'Buster' Pickens, born in Hempstead on June 3, 1916, was one of the last of the Texas barrelhouse blues pianists. In the 1930s he was part of the Santa Fe Group, pianists who rode the Santa Fe freight lines…
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Five Miles Southeast to the Camp Site Of the Texas Army
· 9.5 mi · Historical Marker
You're driving through Waller County, not far from where the Texas Army made camp in the spring of 1836. From March 31st to April 13th, the army gathered here, just five miles southeast of your current location. They…
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Kirby, Robert Harper
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving near Hempstead, Texas, a place that was home to Robert Harper Kirby, a man who poured his own fortune into making Texas dry. In 1919, Kirby served as chairman of the statewide campaign for prohibition.…
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Scurry, Richardson A.
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller County, not far from Hempstead, the site of a tragic accident that befell a prominent Texas figure. Richardson A. Scurry, a lawyer and politician who fought at the Battle of San Jacinto,…
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Sixteenth Texas Infantry
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through what was once the staging ground for a Confederate regiment organized right here near Hempstead. On March 25, <say-as interpret-as="date" format="y">1862</say-as>, Colonel George Flournoy gathered…
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Twenty-Fifth Texas Cavalry
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Waller County, near Hempstead, where the Twenty-fifth Texas Cavalry was organized back in <say-as interpret-as="date" format="y">1862</say-as>. Known also as the Third Texas Lancers, this…
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Twenty-Second Texas Infantry
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Texas, maybe near Hempstead, and right here is where the Twenty-second Texas Infantry, also known as Hubbard's regiment, ended its Civil War journey. Formed in August of <say-as…
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Abbott, Charles L.
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Austin County, near Hempstead, a town that was home to Charles Abbott. Abbott was a Republican merchant who served in the Texas House of Representatives during the turbulent Reconstruction era. He…
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Rutledge, Paul Lawrence, Sr.
· 9.5 mi · Tsha Handbook
You're driving through Anderson County, and right here is where Paul Lawrence Rutledge, Sr., spent a good part of his career. Born in Hempstead back in 1904, Rutledge was an educator and community leader. He served as…